Solution Thermodynamics and Its Application to Aqueous Solutions

Part A: A Differential Approach in Solution ThermodynamicsI: Basics of Thermodynamics - Derivatives of Gibbs Energy, GII: Solution Thermodynamics - Use of the Second and Third Derivatives of GIII: Determination of the Second and Third Derivatives of GIV: Fluctuation and Partial Molar Fluctuation - Understanding H2O

Part B: Studies of Aqueous Solutions Using the Second, the Third, and the Fourth Derivatives of GV: Mixing Schemes in Aqueous Mono-olsVI: Mixing Schemes in Aqueous Solutions of NonelectrolytesVII: Effects of Nonelectrolytes on the Molecular Organization of H2O - 1-Propanol (1P) Probing MethodologyVIII: Effects of Ions on the Molecular Organization of H2O - 1-Propanol (1P)-Probing MethodologyIX: Interactions in Ternary Aqueous Solutions - General TreatmentX: Differential Approach Applied to Spectroscopic Studies on Aqueous SolutionsXI: The Koga Line - Boundary Between Environmentally Friendly and Hostile Water and Aqueous SolutionsXII: In Closing - Executive Summary of the Effect of Solute on H2O

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• Termoquímica e Termodinâmica química
• Termodinâmica e calor
• Química física
• Engenharia química

Differential approach in solution thermodynamics; Higher order derivatives; up to 4th derivative of G; Three distinct mixing schemes in aqueous solutions in general; Anomalies in the 3rd derivatives of G; Discovery of the Koga Line; Discovery of more subtle crossover than phase transitions; Environmentally friendly and hostile water and aqueous solutions; Development of 1-Propnol probing methodology; Quantitative characterization of hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of a solute; Effect of a solute or an individual ion is classified into 5 different categories by 4th derivatives; water; H2O; aqueous solutions; multi-component systems; differential approach; intermolecular interaction; many-body problem; Gibbs energy; derivative of G; partial molar fluctuations; mixing schemes; non-electrolytes; ternary aqueous solutions; Koga line; Gibbs-Konovalov correction; partial molar thermodynamic quantities; partial molar absorptivity; non-Beer-Lambert laws; characterization of solutes and ions; characterization of "osmolytes'; characterization of "cryoprotectants?; characterization of ionic liquids; environmentally friendly water and aqueous solutions; hostile water and aqueous solutions; Hofmeister effectwater; H2O; aqueous solutions; multi-component systems; differential approach; intermolecular interaction; many-body problem; Gibbs energy; derivative of G; partial molar fluctuations; mixing schemes; non-electrolytes; ternary aqueous solutions; Koga line; Gibbs-Konovalov correction; partial molar thermodynamic quantities; partial molar absorptivity; non-Beer-Lambert laws; characterization of solutes and ions; characterization of "osmolytes'; characterization of "cryoprotectants?; characterization of ionic liquids; environmentally friendly water and aqueous solutions; hostile water and aqueous solutions; Hofmeister effect; water; H2O; aqueous solutions; multi-component systems; differential approach; intermolecular interaction; many-body problem; Gibbs energy; derivative of G